Two-cycle engine



April 13 1926,

J. K. GOLD TWO-CYCLE ENGINE Filed July 3l, 1922 W/fnfss bi'i'shing 11 sur"r oiiiids stein 9 Patented Apr. i3, 19M',

narran sfrares roi-IN K. GOLD, 0F SHANGHAI, CHINA;

l Application 1ed` July 31,

To @ZZ 207mm t may concern:

Be it known that l., JOHN K. GOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Shanghai, China, have invented new and useful Improvements in Two-Cycle Engines, of which the followingis a specification.

r1`his invention relates to improvements in internalcombustion engines and mor-eparticularly to those of the two-cycle type,- objects of the invention being to so construct a two-cycle internal combustion engine which shall be of compact construction, which will operate elfectually and with maximum power and in which uniform power shall be obtained.

A further object is to so construct a twocycle internal combustion engine that a mii:- ture may be employed which may be as clear as or clearer than that which would be'used with a four-cycle engine; whichshall give maximum flexibility and fuel economy.`

lith these and other objects in view, the

`invention consists in certain novel .features of construction and* combinations Of parts as hereinafter set forth and pointed out in the i claims.'

The accompanying drawing is a sectional view of an internal combustion engine showing an embodiment of my invention.

lVhilemy improved engine may embody' a plurality of cylinders, it will `sul'lice to show and describe a single engine unit.

A cylinder of an internal combustion engine is shown at 1 and its lower flanged end is bolted to a crank casing 2,-the construction being such that the cylinder shall have free lcommunication with said casing. An' intake '3 is connected with the bottom of the crank casing and communication between said intake and the casing 2 is controlled by a valve et located at the bottom of said casing. The upper head of the `cylinder 1 is provided. 'with an upwardly projecting extension having an exhaust port G and the upper end of said `extension is formed to provide a cup 7 which may receive lubricant. The exhaust port 6 (which discharges latorally) is adapted to con'in'iunicate with the upper end of the cylinder and said port isV controlled `by an exhaust valve 8, the tubular stem 9 of which passes upwardly through the tubular cylinder head extension 5 hand is provided within the cup 7, with ahead 1 0.

withiii .12

F and its up Der i the upper` end of the cylinder.'`

p@ Y, Two-CYCLE ENG-INE.

1922; serial No.' 578,806.

13 encirclesA the head 1() and lbushi'ngfporf tion 12 and tends normallyto hold lthe Iformer spaced from the latter.

` A piston 14- is adapted te'reciprocate witliin the cylinder 1 and provided with an intake port controlled yby a valveV 15` This vvalve is carriedl by a valve rod 1G which passes upwardly through thetubula'rsteni 9 of the` exhaust valve and terminates above the cup 7 of extension o, and's threaded'to receive a nut or enlargement 17. Thevalve 15V is provided with a dependingl shank' which passes through a sleeve 19 ldepending from the head of ythe piston and the lower end portion of said shank is threadedtoreceivea nut or abutment`20vfor a spring 21- the upper end of said spring bearing against Y the `headv ofthe pistonl 121-. Theintake valve 15 is. provided' lwith an'ann'ulai" flange 15a lwhich serves to Ispread 'theincomi'ng gaseous present instance, the cry-.ink shaft comprises thick disks 22 suitably `connected and provided with a wrist pin 22a`for connection of the pitman 23andl hence mostV ofthe space within thecrank case is filled by the ycrank shaft. Thus by y reducing the space in the crank case, better crank-'case compression and complete scavenging and recharging of `the cylinder is insured. y p l y A spark plug 24 may bel'ocatednt or near It. willfbe observedA that'the cylinder iny take valve 15 is directly in the center of the piston headgthat the exhaust valve 8 :is directlyin ythe center ofthe cylinder head and that both valves are controlled by lthe lvalve rod 16. u Y n As the pistontravels downward ,and nears the bottom of its stroke, the nut or enlargement 17 on the upper-end of the valve control rod 16 strikes the head 10 on the upper end of the exhaust valve stem 9 forcing the exhaust valve 8 down and causing it to open. The exhaust valve is slightly smaller in diaineter and has weaker spring than the intake, valve, which insures its opening before the iiitakervalv.) do A"d, ,then e the exhaust valve bushing l1 when the exhaust valve S, the nut- 17 and the valve control rod 16 are held stationary. The intake valve 15 is also held stationary at the lower end of the valve control rod 16 and as the piston continues downward, completing its stroke, it draws away from the intake valve 15 thus eli'ecting the opening of the valve. then the exhaust valve 8 opens, the pressure from the burning gases oi the previous explosion will be relieved and when the intake valve 15 opens, the `fresh charge ot gas which has been compressed in the crank ease by the downward motion ot the piston, rushes up through the intake valve 15, and is directed out against the wall of the cylinder by means ot' the horizontal flange 15 on the top of said intake valve. As the gas strikes the walls of the cylinder, part of it is reflected back toward the center of the cylinder, making a uniform distribution ot' the fresh charge which rises uniformly in the cylinder, driving out completely and not mixing with the burned gases of the previous charge.

As the piston completes its downward stroke and starts its upward stroke, it lirst comes against the intake valve 15, closing that valve and as it continues upward, the valve control rod or stem 16 is pushed up and the push nut 17 on the upper end of the valve control rod 16 releases the exhaust valve head 10, allowing the exhaust valve 8 to be closed by its spring. The piston then travels on upward, compressing the fresh charge and the explosion takes place at or near the top of its stroke. The upward stroke is completed and the piston is again 0n its downward stroke completing its cycle.

The exhaust valve stem 9 and the valve control rod 16 are lubricated from the oil cup 7 at the top of the cylinder head extension 5. Small oil holes may be drilled through the exhaust valve stem 9 and through the upper part of the exhaust valve bushing 11, by which the oil gets to the exhaust valve stem 9 and the valve control rod 1G. A small sheet metal cap about 4 inches high may be fitted over the top of the oil cup to protect the upper end of the valve control rod 1G and the interior of the oil cup from dirt.

Any suitable back pressure or check valve may be used for the crank case intake valve l and said valve may be made of aluminum in order to give the least possible resistance to the gas as it is drawn into the crank case.

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and piston, ot an intake valve and an exhaust valve, the former carried by the piston and the latter carried by the cylinder, and a valve rod extending through and beyond the end of the cylinder and rooperable with both oli said valves.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the Con'ibination with a cylinder provided with an exhaust port, and a piston, of an intake valve carried by and cooperable with said piston, an exhaust valve for the exhaust port, and a valve rod secured to the intake 7alve and extending through and beyond the end ot the cylinder and arranged to open the exhaust valve.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the cen'ibination with a cylinder provided with an exhaust port, and a valved piston, of an exhaust valve having a tubular stein, a rod secured to the valve ot' the piston and pass completely through the stem of the exhaust valve, a part on said rod to engage the stem o1E the exhaust valve, and spring means for closing the respective valves.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination ot a cylinder, a piston, a spring-seated intake valve carried by said piston, an exhaust valve in the end ot the cylinder having a tubular stem provided with a head at its upper' end external to the cylinder, a spring under said head tending to close the exhaust valve, a rod secured to said intake valve and passing completely through and beyond the tubular stem olf the exhaust valve, and a member on said lod to engage the head on the stein of the exhaust valve when the piston descends whereby to open the exhaust valve.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a cylinder, a piston, a springseated intake valve carried by said piston, an exhaust valve having a tubular stem extending beyond the end of the cylinder and provided with a head at its upper end, a spring under said head tending to close the exhaust valve, means below said head for limiting the opening movement of the exhaust valve, a rod secured to said intake valve and passing through and beyond the tubular stem'of the exhaust valve, and a member on said rod to engage the head on the stein ot the exhaust valve when the piston descends whereby to open the exhaust valve.

6. In an internal conilinistioi'i engine, the combination o1 a cylinder provided with an upward extension having an exhaust port to communicate with the upper end of the cylinder, a piston, an intake valve carried by said piston, an exhaust valve having a tubular stem passing through the cylinder extension, a head on said stem, a spring engaging said head to close the exhaust valve, and a rod secured to the intake valve, passing completely through the tubular stein of the exhaust valve and provided with a part to engage the head ot the stem of the exhaust valve and open the latter'.

7 In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a cylinder, an upward extension on the head of' said Cylinder, a bushing in said extension, an exhaust valve having a tubular stein passing through said bushing, a head on said stein, a spring engaging said head and raising the saine above the upper end of? the bushing', a valved piston in 'the cylinder, a rod secured to the valve of the piston and passing through the stein of the exhaust valve, and a part on said rod to engage the head of the stein of the exhaust valve and depress the latter to open it.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, an upward extension on the head of the cylinder and having an exhaust port and having al cup at its upper end, a bushing in said extension extending` into said Cup, an exhaust valve having a tubular stein passing through said bushing` and terminating Within said cup, a head on said stein, a spring engaging said head to dose the exhaust valve, a valued piston in the cylinder, and a rod secured to the Valve o1 the valved piston, passing through the tubular stein of the exhaust Valve and proT vided with a part to engage the head on said stein.

9. In an internal Combustion engine, the combination of a Cylinder, an exhaust mh/e in the end of the Cylinder', a spring external to the cylinder' tending' to close said Valve, a piston, an intake Valve carried by the piston and having a peripheral flange overhanging` the piston a central stem depending:` 'from the intake valve, an abutment on said stein, a spring` between said abutment and the piston, a rod secured to said intake valve and extending' therefrom through the exhaust valve and beyond the cylinder, and means whereby said rod Will operate to .Open the exhaust valve.

J. K. GOLD. 

